Make It Stick
by Peter C. Brown, Henry L. Roediger III and Mark A. McDaniel•2014
330 pages
Make It Stick" transforms our understanding of effective learning by challenging conventional study methods and presenting scientifically-validated techniques for memory retention and skill mastery. The authors—a cognitive psychologist and a writer—synthesize research from learning science to demonstrate that struggle, retrieval practice, and spaced repetition are more powerful learning strategies than passive re-reading or massed practice. By revealing how the brain actually learns and retains information, the book provides a revolutionary approach to education that applies across academic, professional, and personal development contexts.
Key ideas
Regular self-testing is more effective for long-term learning than rereading or highlighting material. The effort of retrieving information strengthens memory and helps identify knowledge gaps.
The book introduces the concept of retrieval practice, which involves actively recalling information rather than passively reviewing it. In one study highlighted in the book, students who practiced retrieving information through self-testing remembered 50% more material a week later compared to students who simply reread their notes. This finding has broad implications for education and professional development, suggesting that traditional study methods like highlighting and rereading are less effective than active recall methods. For instance, medical students learning anatomy achieve better long-term retention when they practice drawing structures from memory rather than reviewing diagrams repeatedly.
Chapter 2: To Learn, Retrieve
Remember what you learn long-term
Close your book or notes. Write down three key points you remember. Check your answers and note what you missed.
Who should read this book?
- Educators seeking research-based methods to enhance student learning
- Professionals committed to continuous skill development and efficient knowledge acquisition
- Students and lifelong learners interested in optimizing their learning strategies
Why It Matters
The book addresses critical gaps in learning methodology by translating complex cognitive science research into practical strategies.
In an era of information overload and rapidly changing skill requirements, "Make It Stick" offers evidence-based techniques that can dramatically improve learning efficiency across multiple domains.
Its significance lies in challenging widespread misconceptions about learning, such as the ineffectiveness of rote memorization and the myth of learning styles.
The authors' interdisciplinary approach bridges cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and educational practice, providing insights that have implications for educators, students, trainers, and lifelong learners.
While the book's strategies are scientifically grounded, they remain accessible and immediately applicable, making complex research translation its primary strength.